| Election name | Egyptian presidential election, 2012 |
|---|---|
| Country | Egypt |
| Type | presidential |
| Ongoing | yes |
| Previous election | Egyptian presidential election, 2005 |
| Previous year | 2005 |
| Election date | 23 and 24 May (and 16 and 17 June, if necessary) 2012 |
| Colour1 | ADD8E6 |
| Image1 | |
| Nominee1 | Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh |
| Party1 | independent |
| Colour2 | ADD8E6 |
| Image2 | |
| Nominee2 | Amr Moussa |
| Party2 | independent |
| Image3 | |
| Nominee3 | Mohamed Morsy |
| Party3 | Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt) |
| Image4 | |
| Nominee4 | Hamdeen Sabahi |
| Party4 | Dignity Party (Egypt) |
| Image5 | |
| Nominee5 | Hisham Bastawisy |
| Party5 | Egyptian Bloc |
| Nominee6 | Abu El-Ezz El-Hariri |
| Party6 | The Revolution Continues Alliance |
| Title | President |
| Before election | Mohamed Hussein Tantawi Chairman of the Military Council |
| Before party | Nonpartisan |
| After party | }} |
Rules
The rules for the election were released on 30 January 2012. Candidates have to be born in Egypt to Egyptian parents, may not hold dual nationality and may not be married to a foreigner; to be nominated, they require the support of 30 MPs or 30,000 voters. According to the electoral committee, the formal registration process for candidates started on 10 March. and ended on 8 April 2012 at 2pmQualified candidates
23 candidates officially registered to contest the elections. The Supreme Presidential Electoral Commission (SPEC) is expected to release the list of candidates who fulfil the legal requirements and are eligible for the presidency on 26 April.On 12 April 2012, the parliament passed a law prohibiting candidates who have been high-ranking government officials during the last ten years of the Mubarak administration (2001-2011) from running in elections. These restrictions would apply to Omar Suleiman (former intelligence chief and Vice President) and Ahmed Shafiq (former Prime Minister), but not to former foreign minister Amr Moussa, who had become secretary-general of the Arab League in 2001. The law still has to be approved by the military council, which was considered uncertain.
On 14 April 2012, the Supreme Presidential Electoral Commission (SPEC) announced the disqualification of ten candidates: Omar Suleiman, Khairat El-Shater, Hazem Salah Abu Ismail, Ayman Nour, Ahmad Awad Al-Saidi, Mortada Mansour, Ibrahim El-Gharib, Mamdouh Qutb, Houssam Khayrat and Ashraf Barouma. Reasons for the disqualifications were not given, but the affected candidates were given 48 hours to appeal the decision. Both Suleiman and El-Shater's campaigns stated they would file appeals. All appeals were rejected.
On April 23rd, SCAF ratified the Corruption of Political Life Law (aka the Disenfranchisement Law) , which was passed by the People's Assembly on April 12th . The new law stipulates that any individual who served as President of the Republic, Vice President, Prime Minister, or a high ranking NDP official, during the ten years prior to 11 February 2011 (day of Hosni Mubarak's resignation), would not be eligible to run nor hold public posts for ten years, effective 11 February 2011. The law disqualifies presidential hopefuls Ahmed Shafik (prime minister) and Omar Suleiman (vice-president), but does not exclude Amr Mussa (minister) .
On April 25 the Supreme Presidential Electoral Commission (SPEC) has accepted the appeal filed by Ahmed Shafiq aginst its previous decision to exclude him from running for President . Therefore a total of 13 candidates are left standing in SPEC's final list . The new Parliamentary law will also be brought before the the Supreme Constitutional Court to determine whether it is constitutional, as was requested in the appeal .
| ! Photo | ! Candidate | ! Details | ! Ideology | ! Party Affiliation | ||
| + Main registered presidential candidates | , moderate Islamic Al-Wasat Party and Egyptian Current Party. ) | |||||
Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh
Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh, a doctor by practice and a Muslim Brotherhood figure popular with Egyptian youths, declared his candidacy in May 2011. He was expelled from the Brotherhood for this decision on 20 June of that year, as it contradicted an earlier Guidance Bureau decision that the Brotherhood would not put forward a candidate in 2011. The Muslim Brotherhood contradicted their initial position on 31 March, 2012 when they put forward Khairat El-Shater as the Brotherhood's candidate and Mohamed Morsy as his replacement. Aboul Fotouh is well-known for his staunch opposition to both the Sadat and Mubarak regimes, as well as his openness towards people of different political views. He was detained once during Sadat's rule and twice during Mubarak's rule. He has promised to appoint a vice-president who is a youth revolutionary and to fill over half of the country's important posts with youths under the age of 45.Despite coming from the moderate-to-liberal wing of the Islamist movement, Aboul Fotouh won the endorsement of the far-right Salafi Al-Nour Party on 28 April 2012.
Khaled Ali
Khaled Ali announced his campaign on 27 February 2012,and applied for elections on 8 April 2012 as an independent with the support of 32 elected officials in both chambers of parliament the youngest candidate to enter the race. Ali is a prominent Egyptian lawyer and activist, known for his work advocating reform of corruption in the government and private sector and his promotion of social justice and labor rights. Al-Ahram Weekly called him a" legendary anti-corruption crusader", and CounterPunch described him as "Egypt?s best-known counselor and defender of independent unions and worker protests." In 2011 he won the ?Egyptian Corruption Fighter? award.Many of Ali?s supporters see him as filling the void left by Mohamed ElBaradei's withdrawal. Ali is not well-known to the majority of Egyptians, and even those who are familiar with him have tended to be surprised by his decision to run. His profile doesn?t compare to the other "star" candidates in the race, wrote Al-Akhbar English. Ali's lack of experience as a politician is a concern. Many, even in the revolutionary movement, remain skeptical about his candidacy. Ali's candidacy has not been seen to have a high likelihood of success. Critics argue that his chance of winning is low, and are further concerned that he could split the vote in a way that would sway the election towards representatives of the prior regime.
Socialist Popular Alliance Party and Egyptian Socialists members told Egypt Independent that they are seriously considering backing Ali?s candidacy. ?Up until now, the situation is unclear. Khaled may be our choice. Some are proposing a potential partnership between Khaled Ali and Abouel Fotouh [where Ali can run as his deputy]," said Marwa Farouk, a member of the Popular Alliance. No party has endorsed Ali yet.
Mohammed Salim Al-Awa
Mohammad Salim Al-Awa, an Islamic thinker, declared his candidacy on 14 June 2011. The fact that Al-Awa and Aboul Fotouh belong to the same school of thought have led to press speculation about vote-splitting and the possibility of their uniting behind a single candidate. Aboul Fotouh has recognized this possibility.Hisham Bastawisy
Hisham Bastawisy is an Egyptian judge and the vice president of the Egyptian Court of Cassation. He was one of the leaders of the Egyptian opposition before and during the 2011 Egyptian revolution. He is running for the Egyptian presidential elections as a representative of the National Progressive Unionist Party (Tagammu).Abu Al-Izz Al-Hariri
Abu Al-Izz Al-Hariri is an Alexandria MP representing the Socialist Popular Alliance Party and the The Revolution Continues Alliance. He filed his application on 13 Mars 2012.Amr Moussa
When asked about the rumors that he might run for the 2012 presidential elections, Amr Moussa refused to rule out the possibility of running for the office, leaving the door open to expectations. He argued that, "It's the right of every citizen that has the capacity and efficiency to aspire to any political office that would allow him to contribute to the service of his nation". He further stated to the press that the qualities required of the President also apply to Gamal Mubarak, arguing that the citizenship, rights and obligations which apply to himself can also be applied to Gamal. He also expressed appreciation for "the confidence expressed by many people when they talk about his candidacy for the Egyptian presidency, and expressed that the message reached him.".On 27 February 2011 he announced he would be running for president saying "God willing, I will be one of them."
Hamdeen Sabahi
Hamdeen Sabahi, the leader of the Nasserist Dignity Party officially filed his application on 6 April 2012.Ahmed Shafik
Ahmed Shafik officially launched his presidential campaign on 2 November 2011. He was the last Prime Minister appointed by Hosni Mubarak after the begin of the 2011 revolution in January. He resigned only three weeks after the deposition of the longterm president. Shafik claims to be on good terms with the ruling Supreme Council of the Armed Forces.Shafik was first disqualified in the wake of the ratification of the Corruption of Political Life Law (aka the Disenfranchisement Law), which banned Mubarak era PMs from nomination . He immediately appealed the decision and on April 25 the Supreme Presidential Electoral Commission (SPEC) accepted his appeal, which puts him back in the race .
Minor candidates
The remaining candidates are:- Abdulla Alashaal, previous foreign minister assistant, retired ambassador. Authenticity Party nominee
- Mahmoud Houssam, as an independent with the support of 30 000 voters. President of The Beginning Party.
- Mohammad Fawzi Issa, Democratic Generation Party nominee
- Houssam Khairallah, Democratic Peace Party nominee
-
Disqualified candidates
! Photo ! Candidate ! Details ! Ideology ! Party Affiliation +Main disqualified candidates and ultra-conservative figure. Television host. Hazem Salah Abu Ismail
Hazem Salah Abu Ismail is an independent, ultra-conservative Salafi Islamist lawyer and politician.He rejects the idea of reconciling the religious law of Islam with personal freedom. He announced to make wearing the veil mandatory for Egyptian women in case of being elected. He would ban the consumption of alcohol in public, even for tourists. Abu Ismail advocates the closure of gambling casinos, which are currently reserved for foreign visitors. Tourists wearing two-piece swimsuits should be arrested, according to Abu Ismail. Moreover, he calls for the abolishment of the Shura Council, which is the upper house of the Egyptian parliament.
By 28 March, Abu Ismail had collected 150,000 signatures supporting his candidacy. He was endorsed by 58 members of parliament, the Salafist Scholars Shura Council, and the Salafist Front.
However, Abu Ismail could be excluded from the presidential race. According to the Egyptian foreign ministry, Abu Ismail's mother was granted United States citizenship in 2006 and held dual nationality. Thus, he would fail the premise that candidates, their spouses and their parents must hold exclusive Egyptian citizenship. Abu Ismail denies the ministry's assertion and insists that his mother was exclusively Egyptian. The threat to Abu Ismail's candidacy has triggered protests by his supporters. On 11 April, the State Council decided that the Ministry of Interior is obliged to provide documents verifying the nationality of the candidate's mother.
As of 14 April, 2012, Abu-Ismail has been barred from the election by the Presidential Election Commission. He has been given 48 hours to appeal the decision.
Ayman Nour
Ayman Nour is the founder of Al-Ghad Party, leader of the Ghad El-Thawra Party and former candidate in the 2005 presidential elections in which he emerged as runner-up to the winning President Hosni Mubarak.Ayman Nour was jailed in 2006 few months after the presidential elections when he was convicted in charges of forgery. He was later removed from the presidency of Al-Ghad Party. In February 2009, he was released from prison under an amnesty due to health reasons. It has been alleged that his release from prison was due to U.S. President Obama demanding his release as a condition to meet with Mubarak.
Ayman Nour's ability to candidate was doubtful, because of being an ex-convict and a former prisoner. However, he was pardoned by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) and is thus not longer banned from political activity but eligible for the presidency.
Khairat El-Shater
After initially deciding not to field a candidate, the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt announced on 31 March 2012 that its deputy supreme guide Khairat El-Shater would run in the election.El-Shater, who was convicted and imprisoned for several years during the rule of Mubarak, might be excluded from the race due to the ban of ex-convicts from political activity. The ruling military council had pardoned him, but a case was filed to eliminate him from the election, because the pardon has not been endorsed by a criminal court. The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt fielded Mohamed Morsy, chairman of the Freedom and Justice Party, as an alternative candidate in case El-Shater's candidacy in invalidated.
As of 14 April, 2012, El-Shater has been barred from the election by the Presidential Election Commission. His campaign has stated that they will appeal the decision.
Omar Suleiman
General Omar Suleiman, who was director of the General Intelligence Service and in 2011 shortly the last vice president under ousted President Hosni Mubarak, announced his candidacy on 6 April 2012.As of 14 April, 2012, Suleiman has been barred from the election by the Presidential Election Commission. His campaign has stated that they will appeal the decision.
Minor disqualified candidates
- Ahmad Awad Al-Saidi, National Party of Egypt nominee
- Mortada Mansour, previous Zamalek SC chairman. National Party of Egypt nominee
- Ibrahim El-Gharib, as an independent with the Support of 30 000 voters.
- Mamdouh Qutb, previous director general of the Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate, Civilisation Party nominee.
- Houssam Khayrat, Egyptian Arab Socialist Party nominee
- Ashraf Barouma, "Misr Al-Kanana" party president
-
Withdrawn candidates
Mohamed ElBaradei
In November 2009 amidst the political controversy over the then prospective 2011 presidential election and the constitutional impediments placed in the faces of candidates under the amended Article 76 in the 2007 constitution and amidst speculation about then-President Hosni Mubarak's son Gamal running for the post, Mohamed ElBaradei decided to respond to the continuous pressing from people who asked him to run for the 2011 election. ElBaradei said in a statement sent from his office in Vienna to Al-Shorouk newspaper that "He did not announce willingness or unwillingness to participate in the upcoming presidential election... and that he will clear his position on the presidency after November". His office manager added:At the same time, the New Wafd Party and other opposition political forces have announced that they are ready to support ElBaradei if he decided to run for the election. However, Mohamed ElBaradei stated that if he decides to run for the 2011 elections, he prefers to run as an independent candidate, rather than running as a candidate of any of the existing political parties.
On 24 February 2010, ElBaradei met with several opposition leaders and notable intellects at his home in Cairo. The meeting was concluded with an announcement for the formation of a new non-party-political movement called "National Association for Change". The movement aims for general reforms in the political scene and mainly burke the Constitutional article#76 which places restrictions on true free presidential elections especially when it comes to independent candidates. Worth mentioning is that the banned political group the Muslim Brotherhood were represented by one of their key figures who attended the meeting however their stand in accepting a non-member of their group as a candidate is yet unclear. It is also unknown whether Amr Moussa the head of the Arab League who met with Elbaradei a day earlier will be part of the new movement.
On 14 January 2012, he withdrew his candidacy in protest against the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces' alleged usurpation of power as he criticised the road map of transition to a civilian government following the 2011 revolution. ElBaradei called it a "travesty" to elect a president before a new constitution has been drafted.
AbdElazim Negm
Abdelazim negm is a professor of Hydraulic Engineering at Zagazig University and former Vice Dean for education and student affairs. He announced his candidacy on March 4th, 2011, and withdrew it on April 2nd, 2012.Bothaina Kamel
Bothaina Kamel, a media personality and pro-democracy activist, announced her candidacy in April 2011.Saad El-Soghayar
Al-Sughayar headed to the High Presidential Elections Commission (HPEC) on Tuesday to collect the official application documents and learn of the requirements for running for presidency. A large crowd and folklore music accompanied Al-Sughayar and his band on their visit to the HPEC.Upon his visit to the HPEC, the pop star said that he has collected 30,000 recommendations, which were declined due to his failure to fill in required documents prior the submission, reported the Middle East News Agency. He insisted that he will collect more than 55, 000 recommendations.
he added that his presidential agenda is ambitious and includes several priorities important to the common citizen, with a full healthcare-for-all system at the front line of these priorities.
However, in a television show later that same day, he went to state he did not think that he was qualified for office and not even for any elected office. He added that he pulled this stunt to show the government and the SCAF that the criteria of 30,000 signatories is not a true obstacle to prevent non-serious candidates.
Opinion Polls
The first opinion poll conducted in Egypt post Mubarak, was conducted by YouGov. According to the YouGov survey of 1871 Egyptians between 15?20 February 2011, Almost half of all Egyptians (49%) believed that Amr Moussa, the secretary general of the Arab League, was the man most capable of leading the next Egyptian Government. Other potential Presidents, Ahmed Zewill (13%) & Ayman Nour, Mubarak?s 2005 Presidential rival (1%), trailed Moussa by a huge margin. Almost 1 in 10 (9%) believed former Vice President, Omar Sulieman, should be Egypt?s new leader. The majority (81%) of Egyptians believed that the army would facilitate free and fair elections.An April 2011 survey of 1,000 Egyptians by Pew Research Center?s Global Attitudes Project with a margin of error of four percentage points found that the most popular Egyptian politician was Amr Moussa with 41% of Egyptians viewing him as "very favourable," followed by Ayman Nour with 32% and Mohamed ElBaradei with 25%. Some 75% had a favourable view of the Muslim Brotherhood, but only 17% believed they should lead the next government.
A poll conducted during the 2011 protests asking "who do you think should be the next President of Egypt?" showed Moussa in the lead, with 26% of respondents naming him.
1871 International Peace InstituteInternational Peace InstituteNewsweek/Daily Beast(3-way race)ACPSSPress TV/SynovateACPSSACPSSAl AhramAl AhramAl-Masri Al-YomAl AhramAl AhramAl-Masri Al-Yom Al AhramAl Masry Al YoumConducted/ Published ! Polling Organisation/Client ! Sample size ! Amr Moussa Hazem Salah Abu Ismail>Abu Ismail ! Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh ! Omar Suleiman ! Ahmed Shafik Hamdeen Sabahi (Dignity Party (Egypt)>DP) Mohammad Salim Al-Awa>Salim Al-Awa Khairat El-Shater (Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)>FJP) Ayman Nour (Ghad El-Thawra Party>Ghad) ! Kamal Ganzouri ! Mohamed ElBaradei ! Mohamed Morsy ! other ! undecided Feb 2011 YouGov | 49% ? ? 9% ? 1% ? ? 1% ? 2% ? 24% 13% 9-20 March 2011 IPI|| 615 37% ? ? 5% ? ? ? ? 1% ? 2% ? 37% 14% Jun 2011 IPI || 800 32% ? ? ? ? 3% ? ? 3% ? 2% ? 42% ? Jun/Jul 2011 | 1008 16% ? 5% 4% 12% 2% 6% ? 4% ? 12% ? 13% 27% " | " 47% ? 16% ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 19% ? ? 18% Aug 2011 | 2,400 44% 5.2% 2% 9% 12% 5% 5% ? 6% ? 4% ? 7.8% 45% Oct 2011 | 1,030 42% ? ? ? 15% ? ? ? ? ? 13% ? 30% ? Oct 2011 | 2,400 44.8% 5.2% 1.6% 10.8% 13.2% 5.7% 4.7% ? 5.0% ? 3.5% ? 5.5% ? Nov 2011 | 2,400 38.9% 5.7% 1.5% 6.6% 8.5% 4.0% 5.7% ? 3.2% ? 2.9% ? 24.5% ? Mar 2012 | 1,200 31.5% 22.7% 8.3% 9.3% 10.2% 5.0% 4.0% ? 1.0% 3.0% 1.0% ? 4.0% ? Apr 2012 | 1,200 30.7% 28.8% 8.5% 8.2% 7.5% 3.9% 3.2% 1.7 1.4% 1.3% ? ? 6.5% ? Apr 2012 | 2,034 6.4% 11.7% 12.4% 20.1% 2.2% 2.7% 1% 3.2% ? ? ? ? 2.2% 38.1% Apr 2012 | 1,200 22.3% 21.4% 6.2% 31.7% 3.4% 4.3% 1.2% 4.3% 0.9% ? ? ? 4.3% ? Apr 2012 | 1,200 40.9% ? 25.2% ? 10.5% 9.3% 4.4% ? ? ? ? 0.9% ? ? Apr 2012 | 2,129 12.5% ? 15.5% ? 6% 5% ? ? ? ? ? 1.5% 5.1% 54.4% Apr 2012 | 1,200 41.1% ? 27.3% ? 11.9% 7.4% 5.7% ? ? ? ? 3.6% 3.0% 12.3% Apr 2012 | 2,100 14.1% ? 18.5% ? 5.3% 5% 1.4% ? ? ? ? 3.6% 2% 50.1% See also
- Democracy in the Middle East
-
References
External links
- The official website of Supreme Committee for Presidential Elections
- Future Leaders of Egypt Bios on the Center for American Progress
- jadaliyya.com Egypt Elections Watch
-
Presidential Election Category:2011 elections in Africa Presidential Election Egyptian presidential election Category:Elections in Egypt
ar:???????? ??????? ??????? 2012 de:Pr�sidentschaftswahl in �gypten 2012 fa:???????? ???????????? ??? (????) fr:�lection pr�sidentielle �gyptienne de 2012 he:??????? ??????? ????? (2012) arz:???????? ????? ??? ??? 2012 pt:Elei��o presidencial do Egito de 2012 ru:????????????? ?????? ? ?????? (2012) fi:Egyptin presidentinvaali 2012
Source: http://article.wn.com/view/2012/05/29/Demonstrators_angry_at_Egypt_runoff_candidates_plan_more_pro/
watch world news with diane sawyer online weird world news 2011 western world newspaper coos bay world news world news 2011
No comments:
Post a Comment